Dasar Pandang Ke Timur

28 FEBRUARI 2012
POSTED IN LATIHAN DAN TAJAAN

Dasar Pandang Ke Timur (DPT)

Pendahuluan
Dasar Pandang Ke Timur (DPT) telah diumumkan oleh Y.A.B. Perdana Menteri Malaysia yang ke-4, Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad pada 8 Februari 1982. DPT merupakan satu dasar untuk mencontohi negara-negara Timur yang telah membangun dengan pesat seperti negara Jepun dan Korea Selatan. Dasar ini menekankan tentang pentingnya unsur-unsur ketekunan dan disiplin dalam kerja, perasaan taat setia pada negara, semangat kumpulan, keinginan menambah daya pengeluaran negara, meningkatkan kecekapan, mengurangkan pembaziran dan merapatkan hubungan di antara golongan majikan dan pekerja. Strategi dasar ini adalah ditujukan kepada pembentukan sumber tenaga manusia menerusi penerapan nilai-nilai dan etika kerja yang terdapat di Jepun dan Korea Selatan dengan cara-cara bagaimana untuk meninggikan daya pengeluaran dan mutu kerja, mempertingkatkan pengetahuan dan kemahiran teknologi, membangunkan masyarakat Malaysia yang tekun, rajin, berdisiplin dan bekerja mengikut nilai-nilai dan etika kerja yang baik. DPT telah dilaksanakan melalui program-program penghantaran pegawai-pegawai awam dan swasta serta pelajar-pelajar ke negara Jepun dan Korea Selatan untuk mengikuti latihan sama ada dalam bentuk akademik di institusi-institusi pengajian tinggi (IPT) atau â€œon-job trainingâ€ di syarikat-syarikat dan institusi awam di dua negara berkenaan. Jabatan Perkhidmatan Awam (JPA) melalui Unit Dasar Pandang Ke Timur, Bahagian Pembangunan Modal Insan telah dipertanggungjawabkan untuk mengatur, menyusun dan menjalankan program-program selaras dengan matlamat DPT.
Objektif
- Mencontohi dan menerapkan nilai-nilai etika kerja yang baik dan positif;
- Mempertingkatkan pengetahuan dan kemahiran teknologi, dan
- Mempelajari sistem pengurusan dan organisasi negara-negara maju di timur seperti Jepun dan Korea Selatan yang boleh meningkatkan produktiviti serta menyumbang ke arah kemajuan negara Malaysia.
Program-Program Di Bawah DPT
- Program Ijazah Pertama / Diploma
  - Program penajaan yang dibuka kepada pelajar lepasan SPM/SPMV.
  - Pelajar perlu mengikuti program persediaan dalam negeri di pusat persediaan yang ditetapkan sebelum melanjutkan pelajaran ke Universiti dan Kolej Teknikal di Jepun atau Korea Selatan.
  - Bidang-bidang yang ditawarkan adalah seperti Kejuruteraan, Sains dan Teknologi dan Sains Sosial.
  - Penajaan adalah dalam bentuk biasiswa di mana pelajar yang tamat akan dikenakan ikatan kontrak untuk berkhidmat dengan kerajaan untuk suatu tempoh yang ditentukan mengikut peringkat pengajian.
- Program Ijazah Lanjutan
  - Program-program penajaan yang ditawarkan bagi pengajian ijazah lanjutan adalah seperti berikut:-
    - Hadiah Latihan Persekutuan (HLP) - terbuka kepada pegawai-pegawai kerajaan yang layak.
    - Biasiswa Monbukagakusho - terbuka kepada rakyat Malaysia yang layak.
  - Pegawai-pegawai yang layak akan melanjutkan pelajaran di peringkat sarjana atau PhD di universiti-universiti di Jepun.
  - Program Perkongsian Ekonomi - Economic Partnership Training Programme (EPP)
    - Economic Partnership Training Program merupakan salah satu projek di bawah Perjanjian Kerjasama Ekonomi Malaysia-Jepun (JMEPA) yang telah ditandatangani bersama oleh Kerajaan Malaysia dan Kerajaan Jepun pada bulan Disember 2005.
    - Melalui EPP, 1000 pelatih akan dihantar ke Jepun dalam tempoh 10 tahun di bawah pembiayaan bersama di antara Kerajaan Malaysia dan Kerajaan Jepun.
    - Program-program latihan di bawah EPP meliputi pelbagai bidang mengikut keperluan semasa dan tidak terhad kepada pembangunan sumber manusia serta ICT sahaja. Secara prinsipnya, program ini akan mengambil kira keperluan semua kementerian dan agensi-agensi kerajaan, di mana JPA akan menjadi agensi pusat yang akan menyelaras pelaksanaan program-program latihan di bawah EPP.
  - Program Latihan Pembangunan dan Pengurusan Pegawai - Pegawai Eksekutif - Executive Development Programme (EDP)
    - Program latihan untuk pegawai kerajaan kumpulan pengurusan dan professional dan kumpulan sokongan.
    - Program ini berlangsung dalam tempoh 19 hari.
    - Latihan diadakan di Central Official Training Institute (COTI), Korea.
  - Seminar Pengurusan Eksekutif Di Jepun (EMS)
    - Program ini termasuk di bawah Program Perkongsian Ekonomi (EPP).
    - Program latihan untuk pegawai kerajaan kumpulan pengurusan dan profesional.
    - Program ini berlangsung dalam tempoh tiga hingga empat minggu.
  - Program Latihan Teknikal Dan Perindustrian (In-Plant)
    - Program ini termasuk di bawah Program Perkongsian Ekonomi (EPP).
    - Program latihan secara â€œon-job trainingâ€ yang menjurus kepada bidang-bidang teknikal.
    - Program ini berlangsung dalam tempoh tiga hingga empat minggu.
  - Program Latihan Pegawai Muda (Young Leaders Programme)
    - Program yang dibiayai sepenuhnya oleh Kerajaan Jepun untuk pegawai kerajaan dalam kumpulan Pengurusan dan Profesional yang berumur tidak lebih dari 35 tahun.
    - Bidang-bidang yang ditawarkan adalah seperti Pembangunan Sumber Manusia (Human Resource), Ekonomi dan Pelaburan (Economic and Investment), Teknologi Maklumat (Information Technology), Pendidikan (Education) dan Pembangunan Masyarakat (Community Development).
    - Program ini berlangsung dalam tempoh 18 hari di Jepun.
  - Program Pertukaran Belia Malaysia-Korea (Malaysia-Korea Youth Exchange Programme)
    - Program persahabatan dan pertukaran yang dibiayai bersama oleh Kerajaan Korea Selatan dan Malaysia untuk pegawai dan kakitangan kerajaan yang tidak lebih dari 35 tahun.
    - Program ini berlangsung dalam tempoh 10 hari di Korea.

Iklan mengenai kursus yang ditawarkan akan diedarkan ke Kementerian/Jabatan/ Agensi yang terlibat dan juga akan disiarkan di laman Portal ini di capaian http://esilav2.jpa.gov.my

Sebarang pertanyaan lanjut berhubung program penajaan dan latihan dalam perkhidmatan sila e-mel ke alamat berikut:
- dasarlatihan@jpa.gov.my
- ldp@jpa.gov.my

sumber http://www.jpa.gov.my/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1437:dasar-pandang-ke-timur&catid=171

http://eng.coti.go.kr/front/programs/objectives.jsp

http://eng.coti.go.kr/front/index.jsp

waktu di korea rupenya sejam awal daripada malaysia... macam waktu sabah sarawak dululah sebelum disamakan...

Sistem kerajaan Republik Korea

The Republic of Korea government was established on August 15, 1948. The President is the head of state and represents the state in international affairs. In case of the President's absence, the Prime Minister will temporarily act as acting President. The Prime Minister is the principal executive assistant to the President.

The President performs his executive functions through the Cabinet made up of 15 to 30 members. The Cabinet is presided over by the President, who is solely responsible for deciding all important government policies.

In addition to the Cabinet, the President has several agencies under his direct control to formulate and carry out national policies: the Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea, the National Intelligence Service, and the Korea Communications Commission.

The heads of these organizations are appointed by the President, but the presidential appointment of the Chairman of the Board of Audit and Inspection is subject to the approval of the National Assembly.

Sumber http://eng.coti.go.kr/front/insight/government_intro.jsp

Central Government

CheongwaDae

Cheong Wa Dae, or the Blue House, is the executive office and official residence of the Korean head of state, the President of the Republic of Korea. The name refers to the building's blue-green roof. Cheong Wa Dae is a complex of buildings, built largely in the traditional Korean style with some modern elements.

http://english.president.go.kr

Board of Audit and Inspection

Board of Audit and Inspection examines the final accounts of revenues and expenditures of the government offices, audits their accounts and such organizations as prescribed by the laws, and inspects works performed by government agencies and the duties of their staff. BAI may initiate the review process on its own authority if it finds its decisions inappropriate or unjust, as long as such a finding has been made within two years after the decision.

http://english.bai.go.kr

National Intelligence Service

National Intelligence Service collects and distributes information on the nation's strategy and security, maintains documents, files, materials, and facilities related to the nation's classified information and investigates crimes affecting national security. NIS was created in 1961 as the Korea Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA) and changed its name to Agency for National Security Planning (NSP) in 1961 and to the current NIS in 1999.

http://eng.nis.go.kr/

Korea Communications Commission

Embracing the core function of the former Korean Broadcasting Commission and the Ministry of Information & Communication, Korea Communications Commission promotes the convergence process between broadcasting and telecommunications. The commission is devoted to such tasks as advancement of broadcasting service market, investment expansion in communications services, support for overseas market development and spread of "green IT."

http://eng.kcc.go.kr/

Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs

Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs honors and secures well-being of independence fighters, soldiers and police officers, who devoted and sacrificed their lives for the nation and its people, and preserves and descends their noble patriotic spirit as a paragon of patriotism. By doing so, the ministry promotes patriotic spirit among people and lays the spiritual groundwork for national development.

http://english.mpva.go.kr/

Fair Trade Commission

Fair Trade Commission formulates and administers national competition policies, and deliberates, decides, and handles antitrust cases without any intervention from outside organizations. The commission is committed to four main mandates: promoting competition, strengthening consumer rights, creating a competitive environment for SMEs and restraining concentration of economic power. To that end, it enforces nine laws including the Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act.

http://eng.ftc.go.kr

Financial Services Commission

Financial Services Commission deliberates and resolves important financial issues concerning the advancement of financial industry, the stability of financial markets, the promotion of a sound credit system and fair trading practices. The commission focuses on devising sophisticated financial policies to make sure Korea's financial markets remain safe and sound as they advance into vibrant and globally competitive marketplaces.

http://www.fsc.go.kr/

Anti-corruption and Civil Rights Commission

Anti-corruption and Civil Rights Commission builds a sound society by preventing and deterring corruption in the public sector and protects people's rights from illegal and unfair administrative practices through the administrative appeals system. The commission was launched in early 2008 by integrating the Ombudsman of Korea, the Korea Independent Commission against Corruption and the Administrative Appeals Commission.

http://www.acrc.go.kr/

Ministry of Strategy and Finance

Ministry of Strategy and Finance plans and coordinates the mid- to long-term socio-economic development goals and sets economic policy direction on an annual basis; distributes resources effectively and assesses the effectiveness of budget execution; and plans and reforms Korea's taxation policy and system. The Ministry is at the core of the government efforts to combat against 2008 global financial setback.

http://english.mofe.go.kr

Ministry of Education, Science and Technology

Ministry of Education, Science and Technology nurtures basic learning capacity in pre-school children, provides appropriate education for primary and secondary students and strengthen higher education in order for nationwide universities to gain international competitiveness. It endeavors to double the satisfaction of public education while reducing the cost of private education.

http://english.mest.go.kr

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade establishes, conducts, generates and regulates foreign policies on trade, negotiations and external economic affairs; protects and supports overseas Korean nationals; conducts analysis of the international environment; and provides consular services. The Ministry is heavily charged with the mission of concluding free trade agreements with global counterparts, including the U.S., Japan and China.

http://www.mofat.go.kr/

Ministry of Unification

Ministry of Unification establishes North Korea policy, coordinates inter-Koran dialogue, pursues inter-Korean humanitarian cooperation and provides education programs on unification. The Korea Institute for National Unification, a major think tank of the ministry, plays the central role in researching on North Korea and unification.

http://www.unikorea.go.kr/

Ministry of Justice

Ministry of Justice serves the people of the Republic of Korea by guarding and enforcing the Constitution and laws of the republic and renders legal advice to the President, the Prime Minister, and other Cabinet members. It is also in charge of correctional and rehabilitative administration and immigration.

http://www.moj.go.kr/

Ministry of National Defense

Ministry of National Defense provides military security for the people of the Republic of Korea, supports the establishment of a peace regime on the Korean peninsula and contributes to regional security and world peace.

http://www.mnd.go.kr/

Ministry of Public Administration and Security

Ministry of Public Administration and Security makes efforts to meet public demands by serving the people and transforming the Korean government into a more capable and efficient organization, based on the principle of harmony between the central and local governments.

http://www.mopas.go.kr/

Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism

Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism develops and implements a wide range of policies to promote culture, arts, sports, tourism and religion so as to provide cultural opportunities to the public. Korean Culture and Information Service belongs to the ministry.

http://www.mct.go.kr/

Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries aims to upgrade agriculture from primary production-based industry to advanced industry, which encompasses processing and marketing so that domestic agriculture and fisheries can compete in the global arena.

http://english.mifaff.go.kr/

Ministry of Knowledge Economy

Ministry of Knowledge Economy is responsible for fostering traditional industrial structures and developing new growth engines which are crucial for industrial innovation.

http://www.mke.go.kr/

Ministry for Health, Welfare

Ministry of Health and Welfare protects the public from social risks, promotes social integration and provides quality social services. Korea Food and Drug Administration under the Health Ministry promotes the public health by ensuring the safety and efficacy of foods and pharmaceuticals.

http://english.mw.go.kr

Ministry of Environment

Ministry of Environment protects the nation from the threat of pollution and improves the quality of life so that people can enjoy clean water and clear skies. It also aims to contribute to global efforts to protect the Earth.

http://eng.me.go.kr/

Ministry of Employment and Labor

Ministry of Employment and Labor is responsible for labor standards, occupational safety and health, employee welfare, employment policies, equal employment and other labor affairs.

http://english.molab.go.kr/

Ministry of Gender Equality and Family

Ministry of Gender Equality and Family develops and implements policies to nurture women in the labor force and improve women's rights, provides relevant education programs and conducts research on gender equality. It also promotes family- and youth-related policies.

http://english.moge.go.kr/

Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affairs

Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affairs focuses on constructing transportation and logistics networks that reach out to the 5 oceans and 6 continents so as to make the country fully equipped with strong linkages.

http://english.mltm.go.kr/

sumber ; http://eng.coti.go.kr/front/insight/government_central.jsp

Kerajaan Tempatan

The Constitution of the Republic of Korea states in Article 117 that "Local governments deal with matters pertaining to the welfare of local residents, manage properties and may, within the limit of laws, enact provisions relating to local autonomy regulations."

Local government heads manage and supervise administrative affairs except as otherwise provided by law. The local executive functions include those delegated by the central government such as the management of public properties and facilities and assessment and collection of local taxes and fees for various services. Higher-level local governments have boards of education, which carry out matters related to education and culture in each community.

Higher-level local governments basically serve as intermediaries between the central and lower-level local governments. Lower-level local governments deliver ervices to the residents through an administrative district (eup, myeon, and dong) system. Each lower-level local government has several districts which serve as field offices for handling the needs of their residents. Eup, myeon, and dong offices are engaged mainly in routine administrative and social service functions.

1.Metropolitan Seoul